Erik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development

This theory is the third of eight parts to Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development. Erikson states that we progress through these eight stages of development in a fixed order with each stage involving a crucial event or predicament that must be overcome in order to progress to the proceeding stage. This event takes place during a critical period within the individual’s development, thus if it is negatively resolved then it will prevent optimal development into the following stages however if it is positively resolved then the individual will advance normally. The manner in which we progress through each stage shapes our personalities and abilities, as even if we negatively complete a stage, we still pass through it, however the consequences are revealed later on in the next stage and so forth. This particular stage of development, initiative vs. guilt refers to the time where children during the ages of 3 to 6 begin â€Å"asserting control and power over thei r environment by taking initiative through planning activities†. In addition, the initiatives â€Å"allow them to begin to view and understand the cause-effect relationships between their actions and the consequences of them† (Children’s Life Online, Avi Luxenburg). During this stage, the child feels a sense of guilt when they take a negative initiative and are punished for it. The goal of this stage is for â€Å"feelings of guilt to be transformed into feelings of remorse† (Children’s Life Online, Avi Luxenburg). TheseShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1695 Words   |  7 Pages Erik Erikson was born in Frankfurt,, Germany, in 1902. He was raised by his mother and stepfather and never knew his biological father. Throughout his life he struggled with his identity and felt that his stepfather never fully accepted him. After meeting Anna Freud the daughter of Sigmund Freud in Vienna, he decided to pursue a career in psychoanalysis. He received a diploma from the Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute however he never received a formal degree all of his knowledge was based on hisRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1318 Words   |  6 Pagesbe discussing is Erik Erikson’s ‘Stages of Psychosocial development’ theory and Diana Baumrinds ‘Parenting Styles’. Stages of Psychosocial development Erik Erikson’s theory emphasizes the search for identity during the adolescent years (Feldman, 2013). His ideas were greatly influenced by Freud, going along with Freud’s (1923) theory regarding the structure and topography of personality (McLeod, 2008). Erikson’s theory is broken down into eight different stages. The first stage is ‘Trust-vs.-mistrust’Read MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development891 Words   |  4 Pagespeople still treat you like a child. Since high school, I’ve been interested in psychology, a topic many people engage in because as humans, we all naturally try to learn more about ourselves as a whole, but also as individuals. Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development mark the eight points people go through from infancy to elder hood. Based on Erikson’s theory, twenty year olds are at the end of adolescence where we wonder who we are and what we can be, as well as being at the beginning of Read MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1756 Words   |  8 PagesCurrent Developmental Stage: According to Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, Neveah is in middle adolescence, which is focused on the conflict of identity verses role confusion (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). The developmental characteristics of middle adolescents include sexual identity, role experimentation, moral development, and self-discovery (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). Adolescents are evaluating how they fit into society and more specifically their social sphere. During this time,Read MoreDevelopmental Psychologist Erik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1729 Words   |  7 PagesDevelopmental psychologist Erik Erikson changed the way that people viewed the psychosocial development in humans throughout their lifespan. Using the foundation provided by Freud’s psychosexual stages, he modified the concepts to where they demonstrated external impacts on development as well as making it more about emotional conflicts than necessarily physical drives. This eight-stage theory is sequ ential, and requires the person to overcome conflicts in each stage to become a productive memberRead MoreCognitive Development And Erik Erikson s 8 Stages Of Psychosocial Development1788 Words   |  8 Pages Jean Piaget’s 4 stages of Cognitive Development and Erik Erikson’s 8 stages of Psychosocial Development Developmental is understood as the act or process of developing; progress such as child developmental. When children go through the process of developing, they all develop the same regardless of what state or country there from. The way children develop has been studied by two psychologists’ name Jean Piaget and Erik Erikson and they both develop a theory of how children developRead MoreErik Erikson s Eight Stages Of Psychosocial Development1428 Words   |  6 PagesErik Erikson’s eight stages of psychosocial development are very well known in the world of psychology. These eight stages deal with critical situations that we go through in life from infancy to late adulthood. â€Å"Throughout life we go through various stages during which we meet ever changing psychosocial challenges – the completion of these stages prepares us to move on to the following stages (Erikson’s Stages Through Identity).† This makes sense because we go through life making decisions in orderRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development884 Words   |  4 PagesErik Erikson Erik Erikson was born June 15, 1902. Erikson is best-known for his famous theory of psychosocial development and the concept of the identity crisis. His theories marked an important shift in thinking on personality; instead of focusing simply on early childhood event, his psychosocial theory looked at how social influences contribute to personality throughout the entire lifespan. Erik Erikson died May 12, 1994 due to prostate cancer. (Erik Erikson, 2015). Stages of Psychosocial DevelopmentRead MoreErikson’S Contributions To Human Development. Erik Erikson1033 Words   |  5 PagesErikson’s Contributions to Human Development Erik Erikson was a man whose interests varied widely. He studied art and a variety of languages during his schooling. He did not prefer the atmosphere of formal schooling and decided to travel around Europe instead of going to college (â€Å"Erik Erikson†, 1997). He then returned to Germany for art school and later on taught to children who had come for Freudian training. He became Boston’s first child analyst and obtained a position at Harvard Medical SchoolRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Development1608 Words   |  7 Pages The Psychosocial Development The View on Erik H. Erikson s Stages of Development Frank Phan Cosumnes River College Psychology 300 Abstract This paper will touch over the aspects of Erik H Erickson s eight stages and how they affect everyday lives from infancy to adulthood. The paper will go over the approximate ages and the psychosocial crisis that they will eventually come to. Neglecting a child can lead to a cause of mental negligence in the form of Arrested Development. Within different Erik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development 20 is a strange age, you don’t have the excuse of being a teenager to fall back on but people still treat you like a child. Since high school, I’ve been interested in psychology, a topic many people engage in because as humans, we all naturally try to learn more about ourselves as a whole, but also as individuals. Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development mark the eight points people go through from infancy to elder hood. Based on Erikson’s theory, twenty year olds are at the end of adolescence where we wonder who we are and what we can be, as well as being at the beginning of early adulthood where we have formed most of our identity but are also now trying to find love and where we fit into the world. Much of my work revolves around identity, domestic spaces and human condition because they are elements that everyone is forced to deal with in their lifetime, which brings me to the first artist, Rene Magritte. I officially fell in love with Magritte in 2013 at his retrospective at MoMA. I was really drawn to Magritte because he used everyday scenes and objects and alters them in a way that was obviously unnatural but not to the point of being considered fantastical. By depicting these common moments or objects in a minimalistic way, Magritte forced people to take notice of the world around them yet not in an overwhelming manner. In a sense, I feel like Magritte and myself both are literally and conceptually making a world of our own based on the reality thatShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1695 Words   |  7 Pages Erik Erikson was born in Frankfurt,, Germany, in 1902. He was raised by his mother and stepfather and never knew his biological father. Throughout his life he struggled with his identity and felt that his stepfather never fully accepted him. After meeting Anna Freud the daughter of Sigmund Freud in Vienna, he decided to pursue a career in psychoanalysis. He received a diploma from the Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute however he never received a formal degree all of his knowledge was based on hisRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development953 Words   |  4 Pagesthird of eight parts to Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development. Erikson states that we progress through these eight stages of development in a fixed order with each stage involving a crucial event or predicament that must be overcome in order to progress to the proceeding stage. This event takes place during a critical period within the individual’s development, thus if it is negatively resolved then it will prevent optimal development into the following stages however if it is positivelyRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1318 Words   |  6 Pagesbe discussing is Erik Erikson’s ‘Stages of Psychosocial development’ theory and Diana Baumrinds ‘Parenting Styles’. Stages of Psychosocial development Erik Erikson’s theory emphasizes the search for identity during the adolescent years (Feldman, 2013). His ideas were greatly influenced by Freud, going along with Freud’s (1923) theory regarding the structure and topography of personality (McLeod, 2008). Erikson’s theory is broken down into eight different stages. The first stage is ‘Trust-vs.-mistrust’Read MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1756 Words   |  8 PagesCurrent Developmental Stage: According to Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, Neveah is in middle adolescence, which is focused on the conflict of identity verses role confusion (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). The developmental characteristics of middle adolescents include sexual identity, role experimentation, moral development, and self-discovery (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). Adolescents are evaluating how they fit into society and more specifically their social sphere. During this time,Read MoreDevelopmental Psychologist Erik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1729 Words   |  7 PagesDevelopmental psychologist Erik Erikson changed the way that people viewed the psychosocial development in humans throughout their lifespan. Using the foundation provided by Freud’s psychosexual stages, he modified the concepts to where they demonstrated external impacts on development as well as making it more about emotional conflicts than necessarily physical drives. This eight-stage theory is sequ ential, and requires the person to overcome conflicts in each stage to become a productive memberRead MoreCognitive Development And Erik Erikson s 8 Stages Of Psychosocial Development1788 Words   |  8 Pages Jean Piaget’s 4 stages of Cognitive Development and Erik Erikson’s 8 stages of Psychosocial Development Developmental is understood as the act or process of developing; progress such as child developmental. When children go through the process of developing, they all develop the same regardless of what state or country there from. The way children develop has been studied by two psychologists’ name Jean Piaget and Erik Erikson and they both develop a theory of how children developRead MoreErik Erikson s Eight Stages Of Psychosocial Development1428 Words   |  6 PagesErik Erikson’s eight stages of psychosocial development are very well known in the world of psychology. These eight stages deal with critical situations that we go through in life from infancy to late adulthood. â€Å"Throughout life we go through various stages during which we meet ever changing psychosocial challenges – the completion of these stages prepares us to move on to the following stages (Erikson’s Stages Through Identity).† This makes sense because we go through life making decisions in orderRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development884 Words   |  4 PagesErik Erikson Erik Erikson was born June 15, 1902. Erikson is best-known for his famous theory of psychosocial development and the concept of the identity crisis. His theories marked an important shift in thinking on personality; instead of focusing simply on early childhood event, his psychosocial theory looked at how social influences contribute to personality throughout the entire lifespan. Erik Erikson died May 12, 1994 due to prostate cancer. (Erik Erikson, 2015). Stages of Psychosocial DevelopmentRead MoreErikson’S Contributions To Human Development. Erik Erikson1033 Words   |  5 PagesErikson’s Contributions to Human Development Erik Erikson was a man whose interests varied widely. He studied art and a variety of languages during his schooling. He did not prefer the atmosphere of formal schooling and decided to travel around Europe instead of going to college (â€Å"Erik Erikson†, 1997). He then returned to Germany for art school and later on taught to children who had come for Freudian training. He became Boston’s first child analyst and obtained a position at Harvard Medical SchoolRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Development1608 Words   |  7 Pages The Psychosocial Development The View on Erik H. Erikson s Stages of Development Frank Phan Cosumnes River College Psychology 300 Abstract This paper will touch over the aspects of Erik H Erickson s eight stages and how they affect everyday lives from infancy to adulthood. The paper will go over the approximate ages and the psychosocial crisis that they will eventually come to. Neglecting a child can lead to a cause of mental negligence in the form of Arrested Development. Within different Erik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development Current Developmental Stage: According to Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, Neveah is in middle adolescence, which is focused on the conflict of identity verses role confusion (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). The developmental characteristics of middle adolescents include sexual identity, role experimentation, moral development, and self-discovery (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). Adolescents are evaluating how they fit into society and more specifically their social sphere. During this time, friends, social groups, and cultural trends greatly impact the adolescent. According to Gibbs (2015), at this stage in development it is critical to be valued and accepted by a peer group. To evaluate Neveah’s stage of development, her ethnicity, immigration, and history of childhood abuse must be taken into consideration. According to Ashford and LeCroy (2010), adolescent immigrants face the unique challenge of fulfilling their sense of belonging, while facing issues of acculturation and minority status. As t hey seek to develop their own identity, they must combine the norms, values, and culture of their minority status and the dominant Caucasian culture (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). Adolescent immigrants face more discrimination as well as are hyper-cognizant of their differences in appearance and language (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). According to Chicchetti and Toth (1995), child maltreatment effects the development of attachment and affect regulation. They further state that studiesShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1695 Words   |  7 Pages Erik Erikson was born in Frankfurt,, Germany, in 1902. He was raised by his mother and stepfather and never knew his biological father. Throughout his life he struggled with his identity and felt that his stepfather never fully accepted him. After meeting Anna Freud the daughter of Sigmund Freud in Vienna, he decided to pursue a career in psychoanalysis. He received a diploma from the Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute however he never received a formal degree all of his knowledge was based on hisRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development953 Words   |  4 Pagesthird of eight parts to Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development. Erikson states that we progress through these eight stages of development in a fixed order with each stage involving a crucial event or predicament that must be overcome in order to progress to the proceeding stage. This event takes place during a critical period within the individual’s development, thus if it is negatively resolved then it will prevent optimal development into the following stages however if it is positivelyRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1318 Words   |  6 Pagesbe discussing is Erik Erikson’s ‘Stages of Psychosocial development’ theory and Diana Baumrinds ‘Parenting Styles’. Stages of Psychosocial development Erik Erikson’s theory emphasizes the search for identity during the adolescent years (Feldman, 2013). His ideas were greatly influenced by Freud, going along with Freud’s (1923) theory regarding the structure and topography of personality (McLeod, 2008). Erikson’s theory is broken down into eight different stages. The first stage is ‘Trust-vs.-mistrust’Read MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development891 Words   |  4 Pagespeople still treat you like a child. Since high school, I’ve been interested in psychology, a topic many people engage in because as humans, we all naturally try to learn more about ourselves as a whole, but also as individuals. Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development mark the eight points people go through from infancy to elder hood. Based on Erikson’s theory, twenty year olds are at the end of adolescence where we wonder who we are and what we can be, as well as being at the beginning of Read MoreDevelopmental Psychologist Erik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1729 Words   |  7 PagesDevelopmental psychologist Erik Erikson changed the way that people viewed the psychosocial development in humans throughout their lifespan. Using the foundation provided by Freud’s psychosexual stages, he modified the concepts to where they demonstrated external impacts on development as well as making it more about emotional conflicts than necessarily physical drives. This eight-stage theory is sequential, and requires the person to overcome conflicts in each stage to become a productive memberRead MoreCognitive Development And Erik Erikson s 8 Stages Of Psychosocial Development1788 Words   |  8 Pages Jean Piaget’s 4 stages of Cognitive Development and Erik Erikson’s 8 stages of Psychosocial Development Developmental is understood as the act or process of developing; progress such as child developmental. When children go through the process of developing, they all develop the same regardless of what state or country there from. The way children develop has been studied by two psychologists’ name Jean Piaget and Erik Erikson and they both develop a theory of how children developRead MoreErik Erikson s Eight Stages Of Psychosocial Development1428 Words   |  6 PagesErik Erikson’s eight stages of psychosocial development are very well known in the world of psychology. These eight stages deal with critical situations that we go through in life from infancy to late adulthood. â€Å"Throughout life we go through various stages during which we meet ever changing psychosocial challenges – the completion of these stages prepares us to move on to the following stages (Erikson’s Stages Through Identity).† This makes sense because we go through life making decisions in orderRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development884 Words   |  4 PagesErik Erikson Erik Erikson was born June 15, 1902. Erikson is best-known for his famous theory of psychosocial development and the concept of the identity crisis. His theories marked an important shift in thinking on personality; instead of focusing simply on early childhood event, his psychosocial theory looked at how social influences contribute to personality throughout the entire lifespan. Erik Erikson died May 12, 1994 due to prostate cancer. (Erik Erikson, 2015). Stages of Psychosocial DevelopmentRead MoreErikson’S Contributions To Human Development. Erik Erikson1033 Words   |  5 PagesErikson’s Contributions to Human Development Erik Erikson was a man whose interests varied widely. He studied art and a variety of languages during his schooling. He did not prefer the atmosphere of formal schooling and decided to travel around Europe instead of going to college (â€Å"Erik Erikson†, 1997). He then returned to Germany for art school and later on taught to children who had come for Freudian training. He became Boston’s first child analyst and obtained a position at Harvard Medical SchoolRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Development1608 Words   |  7 Pages The Psychosocial Development The View on Erik H. Erikson s Stages of Development Frank Phan Cosumnes River College Psychology 300 Abstract This paper will touch over the aspects of Erik H Erickson s eight stages and how they affect everyday lives from infancy to adulthood. The paper will go over the approximate ages and the psychosocial crisis that they will eventually come to. Neglecting a child can lead to a cause of mental negligence in the form of Arrested Development. Within different

Profound Duplicity Exhibited by Jekyll as a Reflection of...

Profound Duplicity Exhibited by Jekyll as a Reflection of the Victorian Way of Life The Victorian society was filled with many divisions. It consisted of two extremes, the very wealthy and intense poverty. It was these divisions that contributed to the causes behind the life of Henry Jekyll to be split between the two. However, there are many other reasons as to why Jekyll wanted the best of both worlds. Within the Victorian period, there were many successes, including inventions such as the first public railway link between the coal mines of Darlington and the port of Stockton; this was built by an engineer named George Stevenson. Also was the improvements in peoples health, this was due to†¦show more content†¦Children would read the Bible and their toys consisted of those relating to Bible stories, such as Noahs Ark. Within the rich society they were conscious of their reputation, family mattered and they should have always kept a professional status, because of this idleness was most certainly a sin. Despite this it was often found that men throughout the rich, paid for prostitutes, this is just one of the examples of leading a double life. The wealthy men of Victorian times were looked upon as good family people, and had a profession in which they could always provide for their families. They would not have been able to take part in sins such as prostitutes in wealth y areas for instance Regents Park, and so would have to go elsewhere, this means starting a different life, this being the main theme of The Strange Case of Henry Jekyll and Mr Hyde, duplicity. Robert Louis Stevensons life itself reflects the idea of duplicity in his novel. He grew up in a Calvinistic household, his parents being strict, in both their home and religion. However his childhood was filled with fear and insomnia, he was often in bed down with one illness or another. Due to his long hours spent within the four walls of his bedroom, heShow MoreRelatedThe View of Human Nature Presented in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde3064 Words   |  13 Pagesin the novel The strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde? The strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Question: What view of human nature does Stevenson present in the novel â€Å"The strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde†? Throughout Stevenson’s life he experienced things by looking at them in two different perspectives. He later went on to exhibit his experiences by writing a novel about split personality called â€Å"The strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde†. This essay will comment

Gains Perspective on Workplace Partnership †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Gains Perspective on Workplace Partnership. Answer: Introduction An employment relationship is considered as a legal link that binds an employee and an employer. This type of relationship exists between people that form the relationship in work under conditions and in return for earning remuneration. According to McDonald and Thompson (2016), employment relationship has become a major and recurring issue in the modern world as the employees lack protection based on certain factors. However, changes in rules and regulations have developed that have managed to maintain a proper relationship between employees and employers. The essay analyses these changes and the manner in which it has affected the lives of the working class people in the Australian industries. The focus is on the introduction of work choices that have helped in amending the Workplace Relations Act of 1996 have managed to contribute heavily to the changing demands of the Australian industry. The types of changes made and it effectiveness are discussed to understand the impact of the legislation in Australia. Neo-institutionalism is a political approach that covers the study of behaviour in organisations, economic growth and sociology particular in the United States. The institutional structure that rules the cultures and forms a competitive tradition in the market involves identifying the approach to this method. Based on this method approach has been made to the political scenario in Australia and the manner in which the Workplace Relations Act has been implemented in the country. According to Valizade et al. (2016) stated that managing the employees in an organisation is essential so that an organisation can remain productive. Without proper motivation, employees cannot manage to continue effective work and consequently fail to improve the success of an organisation. The concept of employment relations come into effect in this case. Employment relations help employees and employers to establish a link between the two and maintain a proper communication for the effectiveness of an organisation. Stokes, Bryson and Bewley (2017) have stated that employment relations are effective in creating rights and obligations between employee and employer. The labour laws and social security numbers that are provided judge the assessment of the rights of a worker. In this regard, it can be said that the reference for determining the nature of work of the employees are addressed by the rights and obligations it possesses towards the workers. Conway et al. (2016) stated that some of the features of the employee-employer relationship involve collective relations and interdependence on one another. A successful organisation needs a harmonious relationship to exist between the employers and the employees. This can help the organisations to gain competitive advantage and ensure that associations with the trade unions mutually exist for both the parties. However, McBride, Hebson and Holgate (2015) stated that one of the major drawbacks of the employment relations is the fact that the concept is dynamic and is still at a developing stage. Regular changes in the constitution of employers and employees contribute to the downfall of an organisation and at the same time create a mismatch between the concepts of employee and employer. The concept decays with the changes that are particularly made in the economic and social institutions. These forces try to provide shape and content to the concepts. As such, some of the parties that are involved in the employment relations in an organisation include: Employees: The employees are considered as one of the major parties in the employment relationships. This is mainly because of the fact that the employees are the chief stakeholders of an organisation and proper relationship with them can help employers continue with productive management (Godard, 2014). Employers: The employers are the major decisional heads in an organisation. For an organisation to succeed, the decisions taken by the employers in terms of recruiting, motivating, controlling and maintaining strategies are important. The relationship between the employers and employees are solely based on the manner in which they are treated. Thus, it can be said that the importance of the employers is as crucial as the employees. Unions: The union leaders act as a third and consulting party between the employees and the employers (Rosenbloom, 2014). Mostly these leaders represent the employees, however, an understanding is developed with the employers so that both parties can meet their demands. Thus, these three major parties dictate the relationships between the employees and the employers. In a competitive environment like Australia, the concept of employee relationship has had its significant impact. Bamber et al. (2015) stated that the concept of employee relationship in Australia had to follow certain rules that can help the country to maintain a proper dynamics in the employee-employer relationship. The issue of an employment relationship in Australia has become important because of the widespread phenomenon that workers are largely dependent on the employers. Other aspects include the legal activities of the country that provide narrow interpretation of the laws that exist in the country. As stated by Stokes and Wood (2016) the rules of the Australian Government need to distinguish between the objectives of the employees and the compliance and enforcement that are required for continuing with business. In this regard, an analysis can be conducted that tries to analyse the changes that have been in the laws of Australia regarding the implementation of the concept. One of the concepts that were formulated by the Government of Australia is the work choices. According to Dau-Schmidt, Finkin and Covington (2016), the name was given to the changes made in the industrial relations laws that are formulated by the Australian Government. It came into existence due to the changes that were made in the Workplace Relations Act of 1996. The amendments implemented in the act came into effect in 2006. The major aim of designing the work choices was to ensure that the level of employment and performance of the economy in Australia are maintained. Any laws that were unclear to a company were removed. For example, the laws related to the unfair termination of the employees were made clear so that no disadvantage remained for the employees (Sobral, Chambel Castanheira, 2016). Such a decision was taken by the Prime Minister of the country with the intention to reform the industrial relations law that exists in Australia. It has been seen that the Workplace Relations Amendment Act 2005 rewrites the legal laws that existed in the Workplace Relations Amendment Act 1996. The provisions of the new act took into effect during March along with three more sets of operation. The importance of this transformation is the fact that it dealt with many important issues that were a cause for concern in the Australian industry (Winter Jackson, 2014). Some of the changes that were brought about by the constitution include the formation of a sole national industrial relation system. This is in regard to the incorporated corporations so that the act of separate state and a federal system can be replaced. The establishment of the fair pay commission of Australia to determine minimum wages is another important change that had taken place in the constitution. According to Gilpin (2016), this particular change is important to assist employees to get the minimum wage that they deserve for working in an organisation. Another important change that had been implemented due to the change is the fact that the agreement that existed between the Australian Workplace Agreement and the Certified Agreements were streamlined. This provided an opportunity for increasing the length of contracts from three years to five years. Thus, the contract signed between the employers and the employees can be valid up to five years unless there is a sudden termination due to insubordination or any other misconduct. Walsh (2015) had also stated the importance of motivation and the fact that to motivate employees, non-financial rewards can be provided. The effectiveness of providing awards to the employees by reducing the number of benefits can help employees as well as the organisations. This is mainly because of the fact that the employees prefer to be recognised in the organisation to claim their self-actualisation need rather than gain benefits that does not help in increasing their reputation. At the same time, the o rganisations can also benefit by getting more productivity from the employees. Shields et al. (2015) stated that the work choice changes also put forward the condition that companies need to have a minimum of 101 employees. Once a company is in operation for six months, 100 employees are the required target that needs to be reached. Otherwise, it can be difficult for the companies to maintain its stature in the business environment. The new law has promoted the notion of exempting companies with fewer than 101 employees with the laws related to the unfair dismissal of employees. This has provided new organisations with an opportunity to be relieved from legal consequences. At the same time, secret ballots have been a necessary factor so that any decisions regarding an industry or organisation can take secretly and unanimously. Thus, these changes had brought about relief in the mind of the employees and had increased the scope of implementation of the system. The Howard Government aimed at bringing more employees under the work choices so that the power of the employees can be both constitutional as well as governmental. Some of the changes can be discussed in a more detailed manner: According to Kaufman and Taras (2016), the changes in the work choices are related to containing provisions that provide a relief from unlawful termination and unfair dissimilar from work. As stated earlier, the changes in the work choices allow companies with less than 101 workers to be exempted from any unlawful dismissal act. However, the role of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission war retained in hearing the cases that deal with the unfair dismissal of workers and unlawful termination of the workers. The case from both parties is heard and proper verdict is given without violating the changed rules as laid down by work choices. The work choices were aimed at protecting the interests of the employees and the employees were given provisions to launch complains within 21 days from the day of termination. This helped employees to gain the required verdict either in terms of employment or in terms of monetary stability. Stewart et al. (2016) stated that with the change in the work choices the passing of agreement bills had received an advantage. The Collective Agreements and the Australian Workplace Agreement needed to go through a no disadvantage test. This test was conducted to ensure that the employees suffer from no particular disadvantage while working in an organisation. The relevant awards that cover up the potential of the employees are included in this agreement and it forms a unit of a proposal. The advantage of the exemption of the no disadvantage test is the fact that the benefits of the awards provided to the employees are directed at the overall improvement of the welfare of the employees. The new work choice warrants employees to be benefited with five entitlements. These five benefits are the basic compensations that are provided to the employees so that they can benefit from working in an organisation. The five benefits include maximum ordinary working hours, annual leave, parental leave, minimum pay scales and personal leaves. Before the implementation of the work choices, the certified agreements had to be lodged directly in the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. The new changes had managed to transfer the responsibilities that can oversee the agreements and pass on the process to the Workplace Authority of the country. At the same time, the Workplace Authority had managed to transfer some of the delegations to other areas in the law such as in the Workplace Ombudsman form (Kavanagh McRae, 2017). The legislative changes managed to transfer the responsibilities that can be used to oversee the changes and the parties involved in the agreement had to lodge the agreements with the Workplace Authority. However, one drawback of the new process was that it was criticised by the people that opposed the work choices. This is mainly from the unions as the union people can get fewer opportunities to intervene in matters related to the organisation or in a manner in which drafts have been conducted poorly. Office of the employment advocates survey The new changes even stretched in the Government offices and the employment advocate had managed to conduct a survey. This survey helped in gaining an outline of the results that helped in understanding the benefits that can be gained with the implementation of the work choices legislation. The results of the survey showed that 88% of the employees abolished the rate provided for overtime. 89% of the employees abolished the shift work loading time so that they can have a good time with the family and provide efficient performance in the workplace Pekarek et al. (2017) stated that the modification of the monetary allowances was a major change in the work choice legislation of the employees. This is mainly because of the fact that the employees are said to be rewarded with recognition and other non-monetary benefits so that the finances of the organisations can be saved for a future purpose. However, despite its success in the national court of Australia, the work choices legislation had to face several criticism and anti-campaigns. National days of protest were organised that highlighted the dissatisfaction of the some of the employees. According to Lindsay (2015), the industrial relation changes that consisted of the abolition of the monetary benefits were the main reason for triggering the protests. Anti-legislation campaigns were also conducted by the unions of the organisations in protest that their roles in organisations have diminished because of the introduction of the work choices changes. Leaders such as the Labour Prime Minister of Australia also voiced oppositions against the legislation. The national protests were held for two years in 2005 and 2006 in which about 100,000 crowds from all over the country had joined the movement. Thus, such movements were one of the main reasons behind the unpopularity of the movement. According to Power (2017), one of the reasons for the unpopularity of the legislation was the fact that the unfair dismissal provided the least compensation to the employers. If an employer owns more than 100 employees during the termination of an employee, then no claims can be made regarding the finances that were spent in training and providing benefits to the employees. However, the employee had to be a regular worker that who had been with the office for a period of more than 12 months. One of the main aims of the work choices was to provide employees with an opportunity to create a balance between the trade unions and industrial tribunals. de Flamingh and Bell (2017) stated that the system was criticised keeping in mind the disadvantages that were faced by the low-earning employees and the small business sector. The abolition of the monetary system for the compensation of the employees was a major weak point for the weakness of the Australian small-scale companies. The argument was made on the fact that due to the changes, the value of the workers diminished. The motivational factors of the employees were taken away and despite the fact that the no disadvantage test was abolished and five mandatory benefits were allowed to the employees, the legislation underwent major changes that proved to be a huge disadvantage for the companies. Pekarek et al. (2017) were of the opinion that unfair dismissal of workers became a recurring phenomenon for companies having less than 101 employees. This is mainly because of the fact that these companies were exempted from the laws of the unfair dismissal and are given the authority to terminate employees if they are do not provide productivity at work. Thus, this is considered as a major drawback for the implementation of the work choices changes in the organisations. The fact that the protestant rallies headed by the Labour prime minister were conducted proved as an excess factor for the continuation and popula rity of the legislation. Conclusion Thus, it can be said that employment relations is an important factor and it is necessary that the employees and employers understand one another well enough for implementing the concept in the organisations. The major parties involved in the employment relations are the major stakeholders of a company and it is necessary that the employers ensure that the satisfaction of the employees is protected. The work choices legislation that was amended by the Workplace Relations Act, 1996 provided certain advantages for the employees. However, the reaction of the employers towards these changes was opposing and because of this, the system did not receive much popularity in the constitution and the legal system of Australia. Hence, it is necessary that the employers and employees form a mutual collaboration that can help in ensuring productivity in the business organisations. Reference Bamber, G. J., Lansbury, R. D., Wailes, N., Wright, C. F. 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Morbid Satisfaction Essays - British Films, English-language Films

Morbid Satisfaction Even in her first glimpse of Miles, the governess in Henry James's Turn of the Screw feels instant adoration and affection for the boy who she describes as innocent, at least by outward appearance. As she grows to know Miles, she develops not only an attachment towards him, but an obsession as well. The governess longs to protect Miles from "evil," to protect him from Peter Quint - a man whom she has not only never met, but who is also dead. The closing chapter of Turn of the Screw demonstrates clearly the governess' unordinary obsession to rescue Miles from what she has determined as evil. But, while the governess' supposed objective is protection, the novel ends with Miles dead in her hands. Furthermore, as she holds the child's lifeless body in her arms, the governess feels no signs of sadness or mourning but instead, mysterious content and satisfaction. The final episode of Turn of the Screw reveals that the governess' exterior and persistent desires to protect Miles conceals a more unspeakable sensual longing for the boy. Prior to her move to Bly, sexual exploration for the governess, "the youngest of seven daughters of a poor country parson," is nonexistent (295). Upon taking the new job, however, the governess - an unmarried and "anxious girl out of a Hampshire vicarage who, except in her fantasies, has never experienced intimate relationships with men - is free to immerse herself in all the opportunities for sexual experimentation available to her at Bly. The governess' desire to explore the masculine race is seen in the beginning of the novella in her eager decision to accept a job from the wealthy master, a man whose figure she becomes infatuated with and who "impressed her as vast and imposing - this prospective patron proved a gentlemen, a bachelor in the prime of life, such a figure as had never risen, save in a dream or an old novel, before a fluttered, anxious girl out of a Hampshire vicarage" (295). The development of her fixation to experience and engage in relationships with men is seen furthermore in the closing paragraphs of Chapter III when she daydreams of meeting a man while she takes a stroll, fantasizing that "it would be charming as a charming story suddenly to meet someone. I only asked that he should know; and the only way to be sure he knew would be to see it, and the kind light of it, in his handsome face" (310). The governess' departure from the "Hampshire vicarage" brings her vast opportunities for sexual exploration. She experiences a sexual awakening, overwhelmed by opportunities for relations with member of the opposite sex. Miles becomes the governess' choice as her outlet for sexual experimentation. Since her move to Bly, she has encountered at least three potential men - the master, Quint and Miles. But, because Quint, who is dead, and the master, who resides in town, are both intangible, Miles, provides for her the best means to satisfy her sexual cravings. Since the beginning of the novella, visions of Quint have consistently emerged during times when the governess worries about her relationship with Miles. Quint appears initially in Chapter III just after the governess meets Miles for the first time, as she is contemplating the potential ramifications his dismissal from boarding school could have on their relationship. Later, in Chapter IV, the governess becomes troubled again while pondering Miles' alleged wrongs and sees Quint a second time. Quint's appearance serves as an instrument to measure the governess' confidence in her relationship with Miles. Visions of Quint emerge during times when the governess feels distant from Miles, at times when she fears she could be losing Miles in some way. Quint's appearance gives the governess a false sense of comfort that Miles' unwillingness to open up in their relationship is simply a result of the threat that Quint poses on it, not any fault of her own. Conversely, Quint's appearance is not evident during times when the governess is satisfied with her relationship with Miles. In the final episode of the novella, the governess, who is preoccupied by the anticipation of Miles' possible reaction to her abrupt and blunt questioning, sees Quint's